Immuno-enzyme-labeled solid-phase carrier method Immuno-enzyme-labeled solid-phase carrier method is generally divided into three categories according to different solid-phase carriers, namely enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and limited antigen substrate beads (Defined Antigen Substrate Spheres, referred to DASS) system determination. Later, an ELISA test method using cellulose film as a carrier was developed, commonly known as Dot-ELISA. The difference between ELISA and Dot-ELISA is mainly the carrier used. Since cellulose film has more advantages than polystyrene, the current use of Dot-ELISA is more and more widely. Solid phase carrier Any solid phase carrier (also called solid phase) suitable for radioimmunoassay can be used in the method of immunoenzyme-labeled solid phase carrier. The solid-phase carriers used in immunoenzyme technology are generally divided into two categories, one is a small spherical substance with a loose structure, and the other is a plastic plate or tube. Small-globular carrier In immunoenzyme technology, the earliest loose small-globular carrier was Micro-crystalline Cellulose, and later gradually used agarose beads (Sepharose 4B) to form limited antigen substrate beads (Defined Antigen Substrate Spheres (DASS) system. After the agarose beads are activated, the antibody or antigen protein is bound to the beads through a covalent bond, the binding method is as follows: The conjugate formed by the antigen or antibody covalently coupled by CNBr is stable, but in a series of treatment processes The operation is complicated, the labeling enzyme is easily inactivated, and there are many factors that affect the experimental results. In addition, in the measurement process, the separation and cleaning of the suspended beads have to be centrifuged many times, and the steps are cumbersome, so there are few practical applications. In addition, some people have used polyacrylamide gel (Biogel P-300) and glass beads (Controlled Poreglass) with a certain pore size as solid phase carriers. Some people also use acetyl chloroformate (Ethylchloroformate) and glutaraldehyde as polymerization agents, so that the immune reactants cross-link each other to become a solid state. Kamefusa and others found that silicon pieces (Silicon Pieces) as a carrier, physical adsorption is stable, simple to manufacture and low price. Most small spherical carriers are difficult to be suitable for large-scale detection by immunoenzyme technology.
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