5.3 Waste Plastics Used for Heat Recovery
Waste heat of plastics is as high as 8000~9000 kcal/kg, which is higher than coal and slightly lower than that of specific gravity. Therefore, foreign waste plastics are used in blast furnaces instead of coal, oil, and coke to substitute coal for cement rotary kilns and to form waste solids. RDF power generation and cement burning have received good results.
(1) The use of blast furnaces for the treatment of waste plastics in Germany is effective and is being promoted. Firstly, after more than one year of tests, Bremen Steel Company officially approved the construction of a 70kt/a waste plastic pellet injection device for blast furnaces. The company can produce 70kt of heavy oil each year. This investment alone can recover the investment within about 2 years. In addition, the cost of recycling and producing waste plastic pellets is only 1/2 of the landfill disposal fee, so it has better energy-saving and social benefits. As the composition of waste plastics is similar to that of oil and coal, but the content of chlorine is high (Table 1), in order to prevent the pollution of furan and dioxins caused by chlorine, the plant also controls the chlorine content of waste plastics by 2%. A rigorous test was conducted. As a result, the dioxin content was only 0.0001 to 0.005 μg/m3, which was far below the emission standard of 0.1 μg/m3, and was officially approved by the government.
Table 1 Composition of Waste Plastics and Heavy Oil and Coal (Unit: %)
Normal align=center> Items
Normal align=center> C
Normal align=center> H
Normal align=center> S
Normal align=center> Ash
Normal align=center> CL
Normal align=center> Pb
Normal align=center> K
Normal align=center> Na
Normal align=center> Coal
Normal align=center> 79.60
Normal align=center> 4.32
Normal align=center> 0.97
Normal align=center> 9.03
Normal align=center> 0.20
Normal align=center> 0.0050
Normal a
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