Electronic publishing opinions
Both students and professors have found that peer review of electronic publications is the most important, especially in the field of construction management. In general, 69% of people found that the peer review was important or very important (5.1); 75% found it important that “papers should be published online quickly, rather than due to the publication process of official publications.†. The questionnaire has not yet pointed out that peer review is part of this official publication publication process. In addition to professors, all researchers have found that "fast availability" is more important than peer review. Other important features of e-zine are e-mail reminding services and multimedia accessories.
In the format of e-magazines (5.2), 75% of respondents believe that full-text documents and paper printing functions that are quickly accessible to any HTML browser are important or critical to them. Properties that are not necessarily important are professional graphic design, multiple hyperlinks, availability of print formats, and availability of CD-ROMs.
Most people (67%) believe that online papers are more likely to promote personal contact and can have more readers (59%) than paper media articles. Questionnaire respondents also put forward their own views on a controversial issue (5.3) (39% agree, 26% disagree, others do not express a clear position). This question is “in moral terms, even if it is Infringement of copyright, the author is still entitled to paste the articles he publishes on his website."
Free e-magazines are strongly supported by questionnaire respondents. They believe that these e-magazines should be paid by institutions such as professional organizations or university libraries, and should not be accessed only by traditional paying subscribers or users who have permission to access the site (5.4). The two methods of “paying for private funds or external contributions of professional organizations†(3.7) and “paying for public funds obtained through reducing the file archiving costs of university libraries†(3.9) are very popular, and “reader subscription†(2.6) The two methods of “pay per click†(2.4) are not favored by the respondents. The way the author paid was excluded by the respondent (1.7).
discuss
The author of this article is fully aware that there is a certain limit to the survey method of a single questionnaire. The ideal model is that we should first confirm the researcher's relevant target population fairly accurately, and then send a questionnaire to each of them or the selected statistical sample. Moreover, the less problematic telephone surveys are likely to provide more representative survey results for this group because the rate of rejection of telephone surveys is clearly lower than that of e-mail or letter surveys. The above survey method was actually used by the first author of this article when studying the "information-barometer study" (Howard et al 1998), when the author studied the information of the Swedish construction industry. Technical application issues. However, the cost of that investigation was up to 50,000 euros. Although various preventive measures were taken in advance, and there were doubters about the results of the survey, the survey showed that the surveyed population was highly positive about information technology.
Because of the high cost of that survey, this research cannot use that kind of investigation. The method of investigating potential respondents via e-mail is very inexpensive. It only makes use of the existing mailing lists. These lists basically cover the areas of research that are expected. Obtaining a questionnaire through a web interface rather than a printed form can greatly reduce the labor costs necessary to process the original data.
Because of this investigation procedure, the results of the investigation must be interpreted with great care. It is likely that researchers who frequently use the Internet and those who are positive about electronic publishing are more eager to answer the questionnaire than others. However, some of the survey results can be compared with previously published results, especially some of the research findings Tenopir and King published in 1998 in the review article on data collected from earlier research and information sources. .
According to Tenopir and King, the average number of scientific papers per university scientist increased from 1.0 in 1977 to 2.1 in 1995. This can be compared with the number 1.6 of this survey. In addition, according to their research, the University of Tennessee scientists read 188 academic papers per year, which is higher than the figure of 107 in this survey.
One of the interesting figures provided by Tenopir and King is an average number of readings out of academic papers in the nine scientific fields that are drawn. This figure is between 500 and 1,500. Unfortunately, this survey failed to obtain meaningful comparative figures from our field. For paper media magazines, the number of subscribers has a certain significance, but it does not explain the readership of a single article. There are many variables in this article. (Actually, we did issue questionnaires to 15 magazine editors in this survey, but no one would be willing to answer! Because subscriptions to magazines in this field are usually very low, and the editors view this data as trade secrets.) Some magazines may have several readers - or none at all - their magazines publish the library version. One thing for sure about the information on the Internet is that you can check the traffic of a single page, and there should be a one-to-one link between the amount of traffic and the amount of reading (except for network robots). For example, in the first four volumes of the “Building Information Technology Electronic Journalâ€, the average number of articles in a full-text article was 770 in HTML and 582 in PDF. We haven't analyzed how much of the network robot's traffic is accounted for, but assuming this analysis is possible and network robot access has been excluded, the remaining numbers should be consistent with the actual number of readers of these articles. This applies especially to the number of readers of the PDF version of the article, because they will download it only when they are ready to print those articles.
Finally, Tenopir and King provided data from multiple surveys of scientists' information search patterns in 1977 and 1998. Most of the data reflect the situation before the rapid development of the World Wide Web. According to Tenopir and King's research, the most common way for scientists to find articles to read is to browse papers that they have subscribed to or read in their own library (according to survey, the probability is 50-72%). The second most common method is reminded by colleagues (10-18%). According to the survey, reading interest in other works cited only 6-13% of the reading interest. The online search of bibliographic data accounts for 1-14% of the total, and the survey shows that this type of acquisition has shown a rapid growth trend in the 1990s. These figures cannot be compared directly with our survey, because we asked the surveyees how important each of these methods is rather than the percentage. However, network technology is beginning to have an important impact on this area. For example, as long as a URL is provided, network users can easily and quickly track the reference materials they are interested in. Even if some references are paper media and do not have URLs, people can always find the relevant information by typing the title of the paper in the search engine.
We hope that this survey will provide a more reliable overview of these two specific academic fields from the perspective of readers and authors of the paper in the early 21st century. We are willing to provide survey questionnaire software to colleagues who can repeat our survey in other fields of science and cooperate with us to compare the results of the two surveys.
A thorough and thorough study of this investigation is very useful. It is possible to study the balance of supply economics by examining how successful existing magazines in this field work. For example, using the results of this survey as a standard to test magazines and reservations in other academic fields. Version text block and so on. Nowadays, the prestige of magazines is often used as a measure of magazines. Sometimes the citations of articles published in magazines are used as metrics, but we feel that
The test method should also consider the entire readership (relative to the subscription), the rate of rejection of submitted papers, and the speed from the initial submission of the paper to its final publication.
We also believe that the study of the possibility of free online magazine publishing can adopt a more formal method of redesigning through commercial procedures. This method can examine all costs from the initial writing of the publication to the final investigator's acquisition of the entire cycle, and to change this Programs provide business cases. This type of business case can be used to influence decision makers in the public service sector. The influence of these decision makers on the social situation is much greater than that of the fanatic free internet magazine founders and preprinted data archives.
In fact, the two most influential players in the world are the U.S. government and the European Union, including the European Commission and member states, because they have a large portion of global R&D funding and can change the rules of the game through legislative procedures. The European Union has issued directives requiring that important sports events such as the Olympic Games and the World Cup should be broadcast on public television channels, not just limited to certain paid sports channels. The statement stated that the free information is crucial to safeguarding the public interest. Will it be possible for an EU member state to publish an instruction that is more conducive to the public on the free use of scientific and technological achievements published online? If so, this directive will have profound implications for all scientific publications in the world.
Both students and professors have found that peer review of electronic publications is the most important, especially in the field of construction management. In general, 69% of people found that the peer review was important or very important (5.1); 75% found it important that “papers should be published online quickly, rather than due to the publication process of official publications.†. The questionnaire has not yet pointed out that peer review is part of this official publication publication process. In addition to professors, all researchers have found that "fast availability" is more important than peer review. Other important features of e-zine are e-mail reminding services and multimedia accessories.
In the format of e-magazines (5.2), 75% of respondents believe that full-text documents and paper printing functions that are quickly accessible to any HTML browser are important or critical to them. Properties that are not necessarily important are professional graphic design, multiple hyperlinks, availability of print formats, and availability of CD-ROMs.
Most people (67%) believe that online papers are more likely to promote personal contact and can have more readers (59%) than paper media articles. Questionnaire respondents also put forward their own views on a controversial issue (5.3) (39% agree, 26% disagree, others do not express a clear position). This question is “in moral terms, even if it is Infringement of copyright, the author is still entitled to paste the articles he publishes on his website."
Free e-magazines are strongly supported by questionnaire respondents. They believe that these e-magazines should be paid by institutions such as professional organizations or university libraries, and should not be accessed only by traditional paying subscribers or users who have permission to access the site (5.4). The two methods of “paying for private funds or external contributions of professional organizations†(3.7) and “paying for public funds obtained through reducing the file archiving costs of university libraries†(3.9) are very popular, and “reader subscription†(2.6) The two methods of “pay per click†(2.4) are not favored by the respondents. The way the author paid was excluded by the respondent (1.7).
discuss
The author of this article is fully aware that there is a certain limit to the survey method of a single questionnaire. The ideal model is that we should first confirm the researcher's relevant target population fairly accurately, and then send a questionnaire to each of them or the selected statistical sample. Moreover, the less problematic telephone surveys are likely to provide more representative survey results for this group because the rate of rejection of telephone surveys is clearly lower than that of e-mail or letter surveys. The above survey method was actually used by the first author of this article when studying the "information-barometer study" (Howard et al 1998), when the author studied the information of the Swedish construction industry. Technical application issues. However, the cost of that investigation was up to 50,000 euros. Although various preventive measures were taken in advance, and there were doubters about the results of the survey, the survey showed that the surveyed population was highly positive about information technology.
Because of the high cost of that survey, this research cannot use that kind of investigation. The method of investigating potential respondents via e-mail is very inexpensive. It only makes use of the existing mailing lists. These lists basically cover the areas of research that are expected. Obtaining a questionnaire through a web interface rather than a printed form can greatly reduce the labor costs necessary to process the original data.
Because of this investigation procedure, the results of the investigation must be interpreted with great care. It is likely that researchers who frequently use the Internet and those who are positive about electronic publishing are more eager to answer the questionnaire than others. However, some of the survey results can be compared with previously published results, especially some of the research findings Tenopir and King published in 1998 in the review article on data collected from earlier research and information sources. .
According to Tenopir and King, the average number of scientific papers per university scientist increased from 1.0 in 1977 to 2.1 in 1995. This can be compared with the number 1.6 of this survey. In addition, according to their research, the University of Tennessee scientists read 188 academic papers per year, which is higher than the figure of 107 in this survey.
One of the interesting figures provided by Tenopir and King is an average number of readings out of academic papers in the nine scientific fields that are drawn. This figure is between 500 and 1,500. Unfortunately, this survey failed to obtain meaningful comparative figures from our field. For paper media magazines, the number of subscribers has a certain significance, but it does not explain the readership of a single article. There are many variables in this article. (Actually, we did issue questionnaires to 15 magazine editors in this survey, but no one would be willing to answer! Because subscriptions to magazines in this field are usually very low, and the editors view this data as trade secrets.) Some magazines may have several readers - or none at all - their magazines publish the library version. One thing for sure about the information on the Internet is that you can check the traffic of a single page, and there should be a one-to-one link between the amount of traffic and the amount of reading (except for network robots). For example, in the first four volumes of the “Building Information Technology Electronic Journalâ€, the average number of articles in a full-text article was 770 in HTML and 582 in PDF. We haven't analyzed how much of the network robot's traffic is accounted for, but assuming this analysis is possible and network robot access has been excluded, the remaining numbers should be consistent with the actual number of readers of these articles. This applies especially to the number of readers of the PDF version of the article, because they will download it only when they are ready to print those articles.
Finally, Tenopir and King provided data from multiple surveys of scientists' information search patterns in 1977 and 1998. Most of the data reflect the situation before the rapid development of the World Wide Web. According to Tenopir and King's research, the most common way for scientists to find articles to read is to browse papers that they have subscribed to or read in their own library (according to survey, the probability is 50-72%). The second most common method is reminded by colleagues (10-18%). According to the survey, reading interest in other works cited only 6-13% of the reading interest. The online search of bibliographic data accounts for 1-14% of the total, and the survey shows that this type of acquisition has shown a rapid growth trend in the 1990s. These figures cannot be compared directly with our survey, because we asked the surveyees how important each of these methods is rather than the percentage. However, network technology is beginning to have an important impact on this area. For example, as long as a URL is provided, network users can easily and quickly track the reference materials they are interested in. Even if some references are paper media and do not have URLs, people can always find the relevant information by typing the title of the paper in the search engine.
We hope that this survey will provide a more reliable overview of these two specific academic fields from the perspective of readers and authors of the paper in the early 21st century. We are willing to provide survey questionnaire software to colleagues who can repeat our survey in other fields of science and cooperate with us to compare the results of the two surveys.
A thorough and thorough study of this investigation is very useful. It is possible to study the balance of supply economics by examining how successful existing magazines in this field work. For example, using the results of this survey as a standard to test magazines and reservations in other academic fields. Version text block and so on. Nowadays, the prestige of magazines is often used as a measure of magazines. Sometimes the citations of articles published in magazines are used as metrics, but we feel that
The test method should also consider the entire readership (relative to the subscription), the rate of rejection of submitted papers, and the speed from the initial submission of the paper to its final publication.
We also believe that the study of the possibility of free online magazine publishing can adopt a more formal method of redesigning through commercial procedures. This method can examine all costs from the initial writing of the publication to the final investigator's acquisition of the entire cycle, and to change this Programs provide business cases. This type of business case can be used to influence decision makers in the public service sector. The influence of these decision makers on the social situation is much greater than that of the fanatic free internet magazine founders and preprinted data archives.
In fact, the two most influential players in the world are the U.S. government and the European Union, including the European Commission and member states, because they have a large portion of global R&D funding and can change the rules of the game through legislative procedures. The European Union has issued directives requiring that important sports events such as the Olympic Games and the World Cup should be broadcast on public television channels, not just limited to certain paid sports channels. The statement stated that the free information is crucial to safeguarding the public interest. Will it be possible for an EU member state to publish an instruction that is more conducive to the public on the free use of scientific and technological achievements published online? If so, this directive will have profound implications for all scientific publications in the world.
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