In the production of corrugated carton, regardless of the equipment used, the carton molding process can be roughly divided into several major processes such as printing, molding, joining, and packaging. Nail box operation is the last production process of carton molding. How its technological effect will directly affect the appearance quality and performance of carton. From the production process point of view, although the nail box is a relatively simple process, it often has some quality problems in daily production, which makes the carton become a waste product in the final process, causing great waste. Therefore, the technology and quality control of the nail box process cannot be ignored. Only by paying attention to the careful control of equipment purchase, operation technology, material selection, etc. can we better avoid and reduce the occurrence of quality problems.
Nail box method and equipment introduction
Carton forming and bonding mainly adopts two methods of stapling and bonding. In addition to the traditional single nail box machine to complete the combination of corrugated box molding, in recent years, with the increase in market demand, a variety of fully automatic and semi-automatic nail box machines have also emerged. The equipment style, model, structural performance and manufacturing precision, and the effect of the nail box are also different. Compared with the manual nail box machine, the automatic and semi-automatic nail box machine has high production efficiency, uniform nail spacing and beautiful appearance. The difference between the automatic nail box machine and the semi-automatic nail box machine is that the corrugated cardboard is automatically fed in. The paper feeding mechanism folds the cardboard and feeds it into the nail box part for nail box, while the semi-automatic nail box machine folds the cardboard manually And sent to the head nail box, the labor intensity is relatively large. Semi-automatic nail box machine is generally of horizontal structure, which is divided into two types of single-piece and double-piece nail box machine. Among them, the single-piece nail box machine is only limited to the carton formed by the order sheet, and the structure of the double-piece nail box machine is more complicated. , The function is relatively complete, not only can order a piece of carton, but also can order two pieces of formed carton. When purchasing nail box machines, enterprises must consider the product structure, production characteristics and long-term development trends according to the actual conditions of the factory. Generally speaking, high-speed fully automatic nail box machine should be used for long-term products and cartons with relatively fixed specifications; semi-automatic two-piece nail box machine should be used for both single-piece and double-piece carton boxes: Large, and there are many varieties, you can consider buying several sets of fully automatic and semi-automatic nail box machines, so that it is more flexible and complementary in production scheduling and can better meet production requirements.
Nail box quality control
Selection of nail saw
The nail box nail saw is divided into three basic forms: oblique nail, straight nail and horizontal nail. The structure includes single oblique nail, double oblique nail and reinforced nail: single straight nail, double straight nail and reinforced nail: single horizontal nail and double horizontal nail And strengthen nails in many forms. According to the shape of the box nail arrangement, the structure of the nail box equipment head is divided into single oblique nail, double oblique nail, single straight nail, double straight nail, single horizontal nail and double horizontal nail. The oblique nail is a way in which the nail saw is arranged in an oblique 45 shape, the straight nail is arranged vertically, and the horizontal nail is arranged horizontally. Single nail refers to ordering several single nail saws in the carton overlap tongue part, double nails is to order several groups of 2 parallel nail saws, and reinforced nails are to add a single nail saw between two groups of double nails . Generally, the arrangement of the double oblique nails can improve the bonding strength of the corrugated carton, and it is widely used. The nail saw should be selected reasonably according to the use performance and characteristics of the carton. The form is usually determined by the machine structure. Therefore, the proper nail box machine and nail saw should be selected according to the nail box process requirements to meet the quality requirements. Generally, a small carton with three layers of single tile only needs to order a few single nails to ensure the packaging strength of the carton. For medium- and large-sized carton boxes with 5 or 7 floors, according to the characteristics of the contents, you can decide to order a number of double nails, or add a reinforced nail between the double nails, which saves materials and ensures the strength of the nail box as a starting point. The scientific and reasonable determination of box nail structure is the basic principle of nail box process technology control.
The arrangement and control of the box nails are not only related to the appearance quality of the carton products, but also directly affect the packaging performance of the carton. Therefore, the box nails should be firm, neat and neat, and beautiful. Defects such as obvious deflection in nail forming. It is determined that the carton nail saw is an important technical control link in production. The nail box of the nail box machine with a positioning mechanism can effectively ensure the accuracy of the nail distance. According to the relevant standard requirements of corrugated boxes, the nail distance must be neatly arranged, the distance is uniform and accurate. Among them, the distance between double nails is not more than 75mm, the distance between single nails is not more than 55mm, and the distance between the head and tail nails is 13mm ± 7mm, the nail saw must be completely nailed to the overlapping tongue. In addition to the reference standards, customers and carton factories can also jointly determine the appropriate nail saw according to the use characteristics of carton products to meet product use requirements and the principle of saving labor and materials.
Use of flat wire
The box nails for nail boxes are generally low carbon steel flat wires coated with copper or zinc, and the specifications are divided into 16 #, 18 # and 20 #. 20 # box nail flat wires are mainly used for the combination of corrugated boxes. The high-quality flat wire coating is uniform and bright, the wire is not bent, the material is soft and has moderate rigidity and elasticity, the thickness and width are uniform, and there are no defects such as cracks, rust spots, peeling, bending or uneven thickness.
The quality of the flat wire mainly depends on the performance of the raw material and the production process. If the flat wire is unqualified, it will be prone to quality failures such as falling off of the coating, unsmooth wire feeding, broken nails, and poor nail saw forming specifications. The selection of flat wire should be based on the machine structure of the nail box machine, and the specifications of the flat wire should be determined, and the selection of high-quality flat wire should be paid attention to. This is the basis for improving the quality of the nail box and increasing the service life of the equipment. Compared with iron flat wire, copper-plated flat wire has a hardness about 2 times smaller than that of the latter, which can better reduce the wear of the head part when used. The wire of the flat wire is iron wire, although the surface has a certain anti-oxidation and anti-rust coating, but it is easy to rust if not stored properly. Therefore, the unused flat wire after unpacking should be sealed and protected from moisture. The warehouse where the flat wire is stored must be ventilated, dry, free of corrosive and oxidizing substances, and the flat wire should be placed on the backing plate and cannot be placed directly on the ground. [next]
Nail box production process
Ready to work
Before nailing the box, you should first receive the cardboard according to the production notice. When receiving, you should check whether the product name or serial number, cardboard specifications, and page content are correct. For the production quality of the previous process, such as the size and method of die cutting or crimping, cardboard chromatic aberration, printing chromatic aberration, warpage, quantity, damage, etc., should also be checked. Treatment. After the inspection is correct, the cardboard can be delivered to the machine. During the transportation, the collision should be avoided and it should be stacked at the designated location. Before the operation, the type and quantity of the flat wire should also be checked. The flat wire should be free of rust spots, delamination, cracks and other defects.
Equipment adjustment
The equipment should be adjusted to avoid blindness. Adjust the position of the main baffle, the left and right baffles and the positions of the upper and lower nail heads according to the swing cover of the carton. Pay attention to the fact that the left and right baffles cannot be clamped too tightly, and ensure that the cardboard can be smoothly inserted and pulled out . After the mechanical adjustment is completed, set the touch screen computer: such as carton height = original carton height -40mm, carton nail number, carton nail distance, whether to strengthen nails, etc., single-chip, double-chip selection, etc. After the above work is set, you can start trial production.
If the thickness of the cardboard is too thick, arrange personnel to properly thin the binding site so that the facial paper will not be crushed when binding. The stapling shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the production notice. The box nails shall be along the center line of the overlapping part and the deflection shall not exceed 3mm. The nail distance should be uniform, first and foremost. The distance between the tail nails is 20mm above and below the line, the distance between single nails is not greater than 55mm, and the distance between double nails is not greater than 75mm. It should be fastened firmly, completely through, and there should be no overlapping nails, missing nails, nail twisting, broken nails, bent nails, no corners, etc. The two pieces of box blanks should be aligned, and there should be no scissors mouth.
After ordering is completed, the carton body obtained by folding the carton should be square, and the difference between the two diagonals of the top surface of the carton with an integrated size less than or equal to 1000mm should not be greater than 3mm, and the integrated deviation of the inner diameter of the single corrugated carton is within ± 2mm Within ± 4mm, the difference between the two diagonals of the top surface of the carton with an overall size greater than 1000mm shall not be greater than 5mm, the integrated deviation of the inner diameter of a single-watt carton is not greater than 3mm, and the double-corrugated carton is not greater than 5mm. The hole diameter of the box corner is not more than 4mm2, and there must be no obvious wrap angle, and the outer rocking cover should not be more than 2mm away from the seam or overlap. The nail box shall not have the phenomenon of inverted nails, and the two pieces of box blanks with inconsistent yin and yang surfaces, varieties and specifications shall not be mistakenly ordered together. The ordered carton will be formally produced after passing inspection. When the nail box starts, the servo motor feeds the cardboard, and the nail car motor drives the nail head to complete the nail box. The drive shaft driven by the nail head motor and equipped with a clutch and brake drives the crank mechanism to realize the action of the nail box under the action of the clutch. When the first nail action is completed, the cardboard backboard picks up the cardboard and is operated by the crank mechanism in a stepwise manner The paper feed roller is driven to rotate and stop after reaching a predetermined nail distance, and the second nail action is performed immediately. The key to the nail box machine is the quality of the nail car and the nail head. Product quality failures also occur here.
Common failure analysis
Skew feet skew or length error
When the quality of the flat wire is not good, the resistance of the wire feed is large, the spring of the wire feed wheel is too loose or too tight, the screw of the wire feed wheel is loose, the guide rail is offset, the gear bite is skewed, the position of the bottom die and punch of the head is incorrect, and the bottom When there is obvious wear of the mold, the above phenomenon is easy to occur. In production, high-quality flat wire with good steel properties and smooth surface coating should be used; frequently check and adjust various parts of the feed line to avoid jamming caused by poor adjustment: the bottom mold with severe wear should be repaired or replaced in time.
Faulty head
When there is a nail in the staple head, it will easily affect the normal operation of the clutch and prevent it from nailing. 'The side cover of the staple head can be detached to take out the punch for cleaning and cleaning. After adding lubricating oil, it can be solved. If the positioning of the head is not accurate, you can check whether the F3 fuse 34-35 (AC), F9 fuse 50-51 (DC) and brake coil resistance wire (15Ω) are normal.
If the photoelectric sensor switch of the upper order head baffle does not act, and the axis of the lower guide rail cannot be sensed, it will cause the failure of nailing before the cardboard is fed. If the photoelectric sensor of the baffle is not normal, the cardboard will be easily fed into the rear block. If the board does not open, you can adjust the photoelectric induction device to keep the induction distance moderate; if the nail head appears continuous nailing action, it is necessary to check whether the solid state relay is damaged. When the photoelectric induction strength of the right baffle is too strong, it is easy to make the left and right paperboard feeding belts run continuously after nailing. For this, the flat knob on the side of the electric eye can be adjusted. Clockwise adjustment can increase the induction strength and counterclockwise. The adjustment can weaken the induction intensity, and adjust it to be suitable for normal induction, so that there is no abnormal situation after nailing.
Cardboard transportation problems
When the left and right baffles are too tight, the resistance will increase and the paper will not be smooth: the toothed belt will wear obviously up and down, making the gap size inconsistent. When the pressure of the pressure gauge is insufficient, it will affect the normal conveyance of the cardboard. Skew, and the problem of inaccurate nail distance appears. When the cardboard is not sent to the baffle for positioning, it starts to be nailed, or it is folded inaccurately before nailing, and it will also cause the problem of uneven length of the two sides of the cover after the carton is bound.
For the above problems and various failures encountered in production, you should carefully analyze and find out the reasons so that appropriate measures can be taken to eliminate them.
Equipment maintenance
The correct use, maintenance and maintenance of the machine is the key to improving the production efficiency and the quality of the nail box, which cannot be ignored. Good lubrication and cleaning can keep the equipment working in a flexible state. Therefore, it is required to lubricate the head and punch on the machine every day: the fixed shaft of the head and the left and right baffle plates should also be lubricated and cleaned at any time with engine oil: The upper and lower nail head drive shafts, bolt groove shafts, and drive screws should also be kept well lubricated; the lower binding head is easy to accumulate in the punch due to the part of the electroplating debris falling off when the flat wire is fed. , Every month to disassemble the head to clean and refuel.
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