Characteristics and breeding methods of Rhododendron red Camellia

First, the characteristic characteristics

Du Fuhong Camellia is an evergreen shrub or small tree with a plant height of more than 4 meters and a crown width of about 1.5 meters. The crown is more plump and the branches are dark green. The leaves are long obovate or obovate-lanceolate, with yellow-green leaves on the back, no hairs on both sides, leaves on the entire edge, and margins with transparent bone-like narrow edges, which are concentrated in the upper part of the shoots, alternate or alternate, resembling a rhododendron. blade. The young shoots are reddish brown, hairless, and the old branches are smooth and yellowish brown. Flower buds are terminal or axillary, large, single or double lobed when in full bloom. The color is bright red or pink, without pedicels. The petals are long and narrow, with 5 to 10 flowers and a flower diameter of 10 cm or more. The flowering period is from May to November, the flowering period is from June to September, and the fruiting period is from September to December.


Characteristics and breeding methods of Rhododendron red Camellia


Du Fuhong Camellia is a semi-positive tree species that is more resistant to yin and can withstand high temperatures and low temperatures of -5 °C. Hi humus loam rich in red, loose, fertile, breathable and well drained.

Second, the breeding method is mainly based on seed breeding, cutting propagation, tissue culture and grafting. In production, cutting propagation and grafting are used.

1. Cutting propagation should be carried out in May-June or September-October. The cutting bed can be set in the greenhouse. The seedbed is sanded. The thickness of the sand is about 15 cm, and 15 cm thick sandy loam is placed on it. It is also possible to use a cup-filling method in which the matrix is ​​preferably mixed in a ratio of perlite: vermiculite: peat soil 1:1:1. One week before the cutting, the sterilization treatment is carried out, and a 1000-fold potassium permanganate solution can be used, and the water is poured on the day before the cutting, and the substrate is preferably wetted. At the time of cutting, select the branches that have no pests and diseases, and grow the strong shoots of the top shoots in the same year. Each section of the cuttings is 5 to 8 cm long, and the general cuttings have 1 to 2 leaves. After the cuttings are cut, they can be treated with hormones to promote early rooting. The method is to use a rooting agent of 100 mg / liter of rooting agent to quickly insert the base of the cuttings into the bed substrate or the container cup at a density of 10 cm × 10 cm. The leaves and buds of the cuttings must be exposed to the ground, and the leaves must face upwards. It is 4 to 5 cm deep. After inserting, spray a proper amount of water, cover the plastic film, and cover the film with a shading net with a shading rate of 75% to ensure that it is not subject to heavy wind and heavy rain and strong direct sunlight.

Du Fu Hongshan tea twig cutting is most afraid of high temperature and dry, need cool fresh air, air relative humidity is between 85% ~ 90%. If the temperature of the seedbed is too high, the plastic film should be uncovered when it exceeds 25 °C, spray water in a mist, strengthen the ventilation, and reduce the temperature inside the bed. Under normal circumstances, the cuttings are treated with hormones, and the wounds heal quickly. The roots can be healed in 15 to 20 days, and new roots can be grown after 40 to 60 days. After the seedling bed is inserted, after the root system grows, it can be moved into the nutrition bag for colonization. If the bed grows, the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened, so that the seedlings of the cuttings can be germinated. In March of the next year, they can be dug up from the seedbed and transplanted. After 3 years of cultivation, the cutting seedlings can be flowered.

2. Grafting and breeding seedlings bred with Camellia oleifera seeds or grafting with root trees of oil tea. The best grafting time is from February to April, and the method can be used for abdomen, splicing and splicing. The healthy shoots with excellent disease and insect pests in the upper part of the good mother plant are selected as the scion, and the grafting of the top shoots with full buds has a high survival rate and quick shoots. After the connection, it is necessary to ensure that the scion is not exposed to the sun and rain, and the shed film and the shade net should be set up. After the grafting is completed, the multiple lateral buds extracted from the rootstock are removed in time. The scion can grow to 1 cm in height in 0.5 to 1 month. After 2 months, the film strip can be slightly loosened, but not completely loose. The film strip can be unwound when it is more than 20 cm. At the same time, it is necessary to combine the thinning of the fertilizer solution with watering to promote the growth of the new shoots. If the flower buds are taken up on the new shoots, they should be removed in time to facilitate the growth of the vegetative shoots.


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