It is well known that ceramics are widely used in many manufacturing fields due to their high strength. However, the biggest drawback of this material is brittleness. According to the Antarctic bear, recently, the research team of Tsinghua University has developed a 3D printing "sponge ceramic" that can overcome this shortcoming. The new ceramic material is ultra-light, heat-resistant, and has no brittleness problem of traditional consumer ceramics, and its preparation process is fast and economical, and it is expected to be applied in the fields of heat insulation, firefighter protective clothing, water filtration and the like in the future.
It is reported that the material is made by embedding ceramic nanofibers in a sponge and is very light. The specific working principle is that the ceramic solution is sprayed from the tiny spinning holes into the spinning box, and then the ejected wires are entangled together, just like making cotton candy with sugar silk.
Therefore, the final prepared material can be as light and soft as cotton candy. When people squeeze the ceramic material, it can be crushed and bounced back to its original shape without being damaged.
This method of preparation is more time-saving and less expensive than 3D printing or electrospinning, enabling mass production. According to reports, this study aims to produce a material that is both highly deformable and can withstand high temperatures.
In the actual research process, the researchers tried several different ceramic materials to prepare the sponge, including titanium dioxide and zirconia. These materials are themselves very good insulation materials. To test their heat resistance, the researchers placed the petals on different materials, such as iron, alumina foam, and new zirconia ceramic sponges. The top heating element heats it to 752 degrees. After 10 minutes, the petals on the iron, alumina foam and other materials become crisp. The petals on the zirconia ceramic sponge just became a little withered, and after one hour, the temperature at the top of the sponge was only 200 degrees, showing good heat resistance.
Researchers hope to take advantage of this and use them in thermal insulation materials, even for firefighting suits that require weight, flexibility and thermal insulation. Previously, flexible heat-resistant ceramics have been developed, but they are mostly similar to thin paper rather than cotton spheres, and their applications are often limited to the electronics industry.
In addition to heat resistance, sponge ceramics have good permeability and can therefore be used to filter sewage and remove contaminating particles under illumination. In the contemporary water filtration technology, the filter materials used are mostly powdery and difficult to reuse. The new ceramic material can be used to decompose the artificial dye in only 15 minutes, and the cleaned water can be reused after being extruded into the ceramic. The results of this research prove that this sponge ceramic can be prepared, but it still takes time for commercial applications.
(Editor)
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