When selecting an endoscope for testing, you must first consider the following factors
The selection basis is as follows:
(1) The arrival path of the detection point. If the path to the detection point is linear, it is more suitable to use the rigid endoscope for detection: if the access path is curved, you must use a flexible fiberscope or an electronic image endoscope. Even an endoscope with a directional or mirrored mirror is used.
(2) Check the diameter of the hole. Checking the size of the penetration hole will directly determine the diameter of the endoscope tube.
(3) The working distance of the endoscope, that is, the distance from the objective lens to the detecting surface. Whether using a standard or high-intensity light source, the distance from the objective lens to the sensing surface will directly affect the amount of illumination required; and the objective lens also needs to use the best viewing angle to achieve the best image resolution and maximum Magnification.
(4) Check the position of the hole. At the time of detection, the objective lens of the endoscope must be inserted into a position close enough to the detection point (or the object to be inspected) in order to carry out the detection work. Checking the position of the hole into the hole will determine the direction of the endoscope, the approach and the length of the work. If there is not enough room for expansion at the inspection entrance, the inspector may need an adjuster attached to the eyepiece to obtain the most appropriate viewing angle.
(5) The outline size of the object to be inspected. The outline of the test object includes the entire object to be inspected, cracks or cracks, and the size of the deformation portion, which is one of the most important factors for determining the angle of view and the brightness of the light source. If the length of the test object in the detection area is too long or too deep, some parts of the test object may be on different planes, so the endoscope system used must have sufficient focusing function so that At a fixed position, images of the objects of different distances or depths can be clearly captured and transmitted to the examiner in its entirety.
(6) The size of the defect. The size of the defects of the test object varies greatly, ranging from fine hair cracks to large cracks. The size of these defects is an important reference factor for selecting the magnification, viewing angle, focusing power and lens resolution of the endoscope in order to obtain a suitable and clear defect image. In the normal case, a larger viewing angle can scan a large range faster, and a situation in which a part of the object image is lost at the time of detection can be avoided.
Suitable for non-destructive testing - industrial endoscopes for inspection failures and hidden dangers
In the maintenance inspection of ship engines, the most common faults and their hidden dangers are roughly damage, vulcanization, cracking and burning. These four defects can be inspected by endoscope.
(1) Damage detection
The engine of the ship is caused by large damage to the engine caused by the ablation of the engine nozzle, etc. The application of the electronic endoscope system for damage inspection in this area can avoid the maintenance manpower, material resources and time caused by the need for the equipment to be dismantled and inspected. The cost of the aspect.
(2) Crack inspection
Metal materials often cause cracks, that is, cracks, due to severe stresses such as pressure, tension, and shear forces generated by overload or vibration. The main cause of cracks in the engine components of ships is that in addition to the sudden stress exceeding the normal load, the combination of vibration and other reasons due to insufficient tightening of the bolts in the machine parts can also cause strong stress concentration and cracks.
In addition, there is a kind of fatigue crack, which is not caused by the very strong stress concentration, and the other is when there is little stress in the machine part but the stress is repeated: resulting in one or several small areas The strength of the material is continuously decreasing. The phenomenon of cracks eventually appeared. Fatigue cracks usually extend from the stress concentration. When the stress is within the normal stress range, but exceeds the residual strength of the material, it will cause the material to break.
(3) vulcanization observation
The so-called vulcanization is the phenomenon of high temperature corrosion of metals. This phenomenon often occurs on the surface of turbine engines due to the chemical reaction of D. metal (mainly chromium) and sodium sulfide on the surface of the machine. After a long-term chemical reaction, the coating will gradually oxidize, causing the coating to fall off, and then further corrode the metal surface, causing the surface of the metal to be rough and uneven, and then penetrate the inside of the metal to completely damage the structure.
(4) judgment of burning loss
When the material structure of the machine is subjected to an unacceptably high temperature, it will win and damage the metal material due to rapid oxidation. Usually, the metal material first changes its color before burning, and its surface color changes in red, purple, purple black and pure black, and finally reaches the degree of perforation or complete burning. By measuring the color and size of the burned part, the inspector can judge whether it should be replaced.
(5) Application prospects
The marine engine not only has a very complicated structure, but also must withstand extremely high stress, long-time high-speed operation, frequent variable load operation, and withstand the high temperature stress generated by high-temperature gas. Therefore, under high-speed, high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the engine may be subject to foreign object damage, corrosion, vulcanization, thermal degradation, cracks (texture) and deformation, which may cause hidden dangers to engine operation safety.
Endoscopy is a very important tool in the maintenance and repair of ship engines, especially in the maintenance inspection of engine parts. It has the following advantages:
(1) The ship's speed and work efficiency are greatly improved. Due to the application of the endoscope system, the detection and maintenance time of the engine is greatly saved, the downtime of the inspection and maintenance is reduced, and the detection conditions of the marine engine failure and the hidden trouble are improved to some extent, and the fault is timely and accurately judged. Quickly restore the state of the equipment technology, improve the ship's speed and the effectiveness of the ship's engine provides a reliable guarantee.
(2) The cost of testing and repairing is greatly saved. Since many faults, troubles or defects of the engine are mostly located in the hard-to-reach places in the machine, it is often necessary to disassemble the engine with large volume and complicated structure to inspect and repair the inside, which often takes a lot of time to check/maintain. Great difficulty. Inspection with an endoscope system can effectively increase the reliability of the ship's engine system, prevent (or reduce) the possibility of accidents in a timely manner, and promote the operational safety of the equipment.
(3) Enhanced ability and efficiency of detection and diagnosis. Since the endoscope detection system has the ability to provide observation image enlargement and photographing, and even Liao only image data processing capability, this has enhanced the technical guarantee for engine fault detection.
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